Country HR Guide

HR Management in Turkey

Employment in Turkey (Türkiye) is governed mainly by Labour Law No. 4857 and Social Security Law No. 5510, with severance pay still regulated by the older Labour Law No. 1475. A 2026 amendment extended maternity and paternity leave. Here is what employers need to know about leave, pay, tax and ending employment.

Currency Turkish Lira (TRY)
Capital Ankara
Language Turkish
Standard week 45 hours
Minimum wage TRY 33,030 / month gross
Employer SSI 23.75% before incentives
Figures last reviewed September 2026.

Leave entitlements

Labour Law No. 4857 sets minimum leave for employees. Law No. 7578 of April 2026 extended maternity leave to 24 weeks, and paternity leave is now 10 days. Employment contracts and collective agreements can give more.

14–26 days
Annual leave

After 1 year of service, including probation. At least 20 days for employees aged 18 or under or 50 and over. Employees cannot waive it.

SGK
Sick pay

The Social Security Institution pays a temporary incapacity allowance from the 3rd day of a medically certified sickness. The employer isn’t required to pay the first 2 days unless the contract or a collective agreement says so.

24 weeks
Maternity leave

8 weeks before and 16 weeks after birth (2 extra weeks before birth for multiple births). An incapacity allowance is paid by the SGK.

10 days
Paternity leave

Paid leave from the employer when the employee’s spouse gives birth.

Annual leave by length of service
Labour Law No. 4857, Article 53. Underground mine workers get 4 extra days.
ServicePaid annual leave
1 year up to and including 5 years14 days
More than 5 years, less than 15 years20 days
15 years or more26 days
Other statutory leave
  • Unpaid leave after maternity – up to 6 months on request, and half-time unpaid leave options after that for the first 60–180 days depending on the birth order.
  • Nursing breaks – 1.5 hours a day for mothers of children under 1, counted as working time.
  • Marriage, adoption and bereavement leave – 3 days paid, including on the death of a parent, spouse, sibling or child.
  • Leave to care for a disabled or chronically ill child – up to 10 paid days a year, for one parent.
  • Prenatal check-ups – paid time off during pregnancy.
How IceHrm helps

Set up each Turkish leave type in IceHrm with its own accrual, carry forward and approval rules, including service-based annual leave. Employees see their live balance before they apply, and managers see who is away on a shared calendar. Leave management →

Pay & working hours

A national Minimum Wage Determination Commission sets a single minimum wage for the whole country, normally once a year from 1 January.

TRY 33,030
Minimum wage per month (gross)

About TRY 28,075.50 net, from 1 January 2026. The minimum wage portion of any salary is exempt from income tax and stamp tax.

45 hours
Maximum normal weekly hours

Hours can be spread unevenly by agreement, up to 11 a day, if the average over 2 months stays within 45.

270 hours
Annual overtime cap

The employee’s consent is needed for overtime.

Overtime and holiday pay
  • Overtime (hours above 45 a week): at least 150% of the normal hourly wage.
  • Extra hours where the contract sets fewer than 45 hours: at least 125%, up to 45 hours.
  • Employees can choose time off instead: 1.5 hours for each overtime hour, taken within 6 months.
  • Work on a national or public holiday: an extra day’s wage for each day worked.
Paying employees
  • Wages must be paid at least monthly, in Turkish lira; most employers must pay through a bank account.
  • Employers must give a pay slip showing the wage items and deductions.
  • There is no statutory 13th month salary; bonuses depend on the contract or collective agreement.
How IceHrm helps

Capture attendance and overtime in IceHrm and feed the hours straight into payroll, so overtime and holiday pay reflect what was actually worked. Time & attendance →

Income tax

Employment income is taxed at progressive rates on a cumulative basis through the year, so a salary can move into a higher bracket in later months. Employers withhold tax and stamp duty each month and file them with social security premiums in a combined monthly return.

Income tax rates for employment income in 2026 (calendar year). Non-employment income has slightly different brackets.
Annual taxable incomeRateTax on this income
TRY 0 – TRY 190,00015%15% of the income
TRY 190,001 – TRY 400,00020%TRY 28,500 plus 20% over TRY 190,000
TRY 400,001 – TRY 1,500,00027%TRY 70,500 plus 27% over TRY 400,000
TRY 1,500,001 – TRY 5,300,00035%TRY 367,500 plus 35% over TRY 1,500,000
Over TRY 5,300,00040%TRY 1,697,500 plus 40% over TRY 5,300,000

Stamp tax of 0.759% also applies to gross salary, above the exempt minimum wage amount.

Employer payroll costs

Employers pay social security (SGK) and unemployment insurance premiums on each employee’s gross earnings between a floor and a ceiling. For 2026 the base is at least TRY 33,030 and at most TRY 297,270 a month.

21.75%
Social security (employer)

Covers pension, general health and short-term insurance. Rate from 1 January 2026. Employers with no premium or tax arrears may qualify for a premium reduction incentive.

2%
Unemployment insurance (employer)

Employees pay 1% and the state adds 1%.

15%
Employee share

14% social security plus 1% unemployment insurance, deducted from gross pay.

Other costs
  • Severance provision – employers should budget for statutory severance (see Ending employment).
  • Disabled employee quota – private employers with 50 or more employees must employ disabled people for 3% of their workforce.
  • Occupational health and safety – workplace doctor and safety specialist services, depending on size and hazard class.
How IceHrm helps

Build Turkish pay the way you already structure it, with your own salary components, deductions and formula columns, such as SGK premium and stamp tax columns. Want to know how well IceHrm handles payroll calculations for Turkey? Contact us or see Payroll →

Ending employment

In workplaces with 30 or more employees, an employee with at least 6 months’ service can only be dismissed for a valid reason related to their capability, conduct or the needs of the business. Notice must be in writing and state the reason, and the employee must be allowed to respond to allegations about conduct or performance first.

Common ways employment ends
  • Resignation with notice
  • Mutual agreement
  • Expiry of a fixed-term contract
  • Dismissal with notice for a valid reason
  • Immediate termination for just cause (e.g. serious misconduct)
  • Retirement
Minimum notice period
Labour Law No. 4857, Article 17. Applies to both parties; contracts can set longer periods. The employer can pay wages in lieu of notice.
ServiceNotice
Less than 6 months2 weeks
6 months to 1.5 years4 weeks
1.5 to 3 years6 weeks
More than 3 years8 weeks

During notice, employers must give at least 2 hours a day of paid job-search time.

Severance pay (kıdem tazminatı)

Employees with at least 1 year of service are entitled to severance pay of 30 days’ gross wage for each full year of service (pro rata for part years) when the employer dismisses them other than for just cause, and in some other cases such as retirement, military service or a woman resigning within 1 year of marriage. The daily wage used is capped at a severance ceiling that is updated every 6 months.

A dismissal without a valid reason can lead to reinstatement or compensation of 4–8 months’ wages, plus up to 4 months’ wages for the idle period. Unused annual leave is paid out on termination.

Public holidays

Turkey has fixed national holidays plus two religious festivals that follow the Islamic lunar calendar and move about 11 days earlier each year. The afternoon before each festival (and 28 October) is a half-day holiday.

New Year’s Day1 January
National Sovereignty and Children’s Day23 April
Labour and Solidarity Day1 May
Commemoration of Atatürk, Youth and Sports Day19 May
Democracy and National Unity Day15 July
Victory Day30 August
Republic Day29 October (from noon on 28 October)
Ramadan Feast (3 days)Moves yearly (March in 2026)
Feast of Sacrifice (4 days)Moves yearly (May in 2026)

Whether employees work on public holidays is set by the contract or collective agreement. If they do, they receive an extra day’s wage for each holiday worked.

How IceHrm helps

Leave groups give each office its own holiday calendar, so the moving religious festivals and half-days are set once for your Turkish sites and applied automatically. Holiday calendars →

Hiring & contracts

Contracts may be indefinite or fixed-term, full-time or part-time. Contracts of 1 year or more must be in writing, and where there is no written contract the employer must give the employee a written statement of the main terms within 2 months.

Registrations and records
  • SGK employment notification – register each new employee with the Social Security Institution before they start work.
  • Personnel file – employers must keep a file for each employee with their identity details and employment documents.
  • Work permits – foreign employees need a work permit from the Ministry of Labour and Social Security.
What an employment contract should cover
  • Job title and duties
  • Place of work
  • Start date and contract type
  • Gross wage and pay dates
  • Working hours and overtime
  • Annual leave
  • Probation period
  • Notice and termination terms
Probation and fixed-term limits

Probation can last at most 2 months, or up to 4 months under a collective agreement. Either party can end the contract during probation without notice or compensation. Fixed-term contracts need an objective reason, such as a specific project, and cannot be renewed back to back without an essential reason; otherwise they are treated as indefinite from the start.

How IceHrm helps

Send contracts for e-signing, keep each employee’s personnel file documents on their record, and track onboarding with task lists so the SGK notification is never missed. Documents & e-signing →

Official sources Disclaimer

This guide is general information to help you plan HR processes, not legal, tax or financial advice. Employment law and rates change regularly and awards, enterprise agreements and state rules may give employees more than the minimums shown here. Always confirm current requirements with the official sources or a qualified adviser.

Manage your Turkey workforce with IceHrm

Configure leave types, accrual rules and public holidays for Turkey, keep employee records and contracts in one place, and run payroll with your own salary components. Want to know how IceHrm handles payroll calculations for Turkey? Talk to us.

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