Country HR Guide

HR Management in Oman

Employment in Oman is governed by the Labour Law issued by Royal Decree 53/2023 and the Social Protection Law issued by Royal Decree 52/2023, with Omanisation rules shaping who can be hired. Here is what employers need to know about leave, pay, social protection and ending employment.

Currency Omani Rial (OMR)
Capital Muscat
Language Arabic
Maximum week 40 hours
Minimum wage (Omanis) OMR 325 / month
Figures last reviewed September 2026.

Leave entitlements

The 2023 Labour Law significantly increased leave entitlements, especially sick and family leave. All paid leave below is at the employee's gross wage unless stated otherwise.

30 days
Annual leave

Paid at the gross wage, available after 6 months of service. Up to 30 unused days can be carried forward.

182 days
Sick leave a year

Paid on a sliding scale: full pay for days 1–21, 75% for days 22–35, 50% for days 36–70 and 35% for days 71–182.

98 days
Maternity leave

Fully paid, covering the periods before and after the birth, with no limit on the number of times it can be taken.

7 days
Paternity leave

Paid, to be taken within the first 98 days of the child's life.

Other statutory leave
  • Marriage leave – 3 days.
  • Bereavement leave – 10 days on the death of a spouse or child; 3 days for a parent, grandparent, brother or sister; 2 days for an uncle or aunt.
  • Widow's leave – 130 days for a Muslim female employee on the death of her husband, 14 days for a non-Muslim employee.
  • Hajj leave – 15 days, once during employment, after 1 year of continuous service.
  • Exam leave – up to 15 days a year for Omani employees studying at an approved institution.
  • Childcare leave – up to 1 year of unpaid leave for a female employee to care for her child, plus a paid nursing hour each day for a year after maternity leave.
How IceHrm helps

Set up each Omani leave type in IceHrm with its own accrual, carry forward and approval rules, from annual leave to Hajj and bereavement leave. Employees see their live balance before they apply, and managers see who is away on a shared calendar. Leave management →

Pay & working hours

The minimum wage is set by ministerial decision and applies to Omani nationals working in the private sector. There is no statutory minimum wage for expatriate employees.

OMR 325
Minimum monthly wage for Omanis

Made up of OMR 225 basic wage plus OMR 100 in allowances.

8 hours
Maximum normal working day

And 40 hours a week, with at least 2 consecutive rest days. During Ramadan, Muslim employees work up to 6 hours a day or 30 a week.

25% / 50%
Minimum overtime premium

On the basic wage for daytime and night-time overtime, or time off instead. Total hours may not exceed 12 a day.

Rest days and holidays

Work on a weekly rest day or an official holiday earns an extra 100% of the daily basic wage on top of the normal day's pay, or a substitute day off.

Paying employees
  • Monthly-paid employees must be paid at least once a month, on a working day.
  • Wages must be paid into the employee's account with a local bank or licensed financial institution, through the Wage Protection System.
  • Wages are paid in Omani rials unless another legally circulated currency is agreed.
How IceHrm helps

Capture attendance and overtime in IceHrm, including Ramadan working hours, and feed the hours straight into payroll so overtime reflects what was actually worked. Time & attendance →

Income tax

Oman does not currently tax employment income, so there is no income tax to withhold from salaries today.

Personal income tax announced by Oman, effective 1 January 2028. Watch for implementing regulations before then.
Annual incomeRate
Up to OMR 42,0000%
Above OMR 42,0005%

Employer payroll costs

Contributions are paid to the Social Protection Fund. Omani employees are covered by all branches. Expatriate employees are not covered by the pension branches, and new schemes for them are being introduced in phases.

Contributions for Omani employees. The retirement and work injury branches apply to a salary ceiling of OMR 3,000 a month.
BranchEmployerEmployee
Retirement, disability and death11.0%7.5%
Work injuries and occupational diseases1.0%–
Job security0.5%0.5%
Maternity and paternity leave1.0%–
Sick and exceptional leave1.0%–
Total14.5%8.0%
Expatriate employees

For expatriate employees, employers pay the maternity and paternity leave branch (1%) and, since 19 July 2026, the sick and exceptional leave branch (1%). Until the Social Protection Fund's savings scheme for expatriates takes effect, employers pay an end-of-service gratuity to employees not covered by the Social Protection Law (see Ending employment). The savings scheme and work injury insurance for expatriates have both been postponed, with start dates currently expected in 2027 and 2028. Check the fund's latest guidance before budgeting.

How IceHrm helps

Build Omani pay the way you already structure it, with your own salary components, allowances, deductions and formula columns, such as a Social Protection Fund column for Omani staff or a gratuity accrual for expatriates. Want to know how well IceHrm handles payroll calculations for Oman? Contact us or see Payroll →

Ending employment

An indefinite contract can be ended by either party for a legitimate reason with written notice. The 2023 law also allows termination for poor performance, but only after the employee has been told about the problem and given at least 6 months to improve. Dismissals for economic reasons must be notified to the Ministry of Labour in advance and, in some cases, approved by a committee.

Common ways employment ends
  • Resignation by the employee
  • Mutual agreement
  • Expiry of a fixed-term contract
  • Dismissal for a legitimate reason with notice
  • Dismissal without notice for gross misconduct
  • Poor performance after a 6-month improvement period
  • Economic reasons, notified to the ministry in advance
  • Replacement of an expatriate under an Omanisation plan
Minimum notice period
Applies to indefinite contracts unless a longer period is agreed. A party who does not give notice must pay compensation equal to the notice period, based on the final gross wage.
Employee typeNotice
Monthly-paid employees30 days
Other employees15 days
During probation7 days
End-of-service gratuity

Employees who are not covered by the Social Protection Law, mainly expatriates, receive a gratuity of at least one month's basic wage for each year of service, pro-rated for part years and based on the final basic wage. This applies until the expatriate savings scheme comes into force.

A dismissal found to be arbitrary can lead to compensation of between 3 and 12 months' wages. Final pay should include any untaken annual leave.

Public holidays

Most public holidays follow the Islamic lunar calendar, so their dates move each year. The government confirms the exact dates and any bridging days shortly before each holiday. Employees are entitled to their gross wage on official holidays.

Accession Day of the Sultan11 January
Isra and Mi'rajIslamic calendar
Eid al-FitrSeveral days, Islamic calendar
Eid al-AdhaSeveral days, Islamic calendar
Islamic New YearIslamic calendar
Prophet's BirthdayIslamic calendar
National Day2 days in November
How IceHrm helps

Leave groups give each office its own holiday calendar, so you can add each year's announced dates once and every employee in Oman gets the right days off. Holiday calendars →

Hiring & contracts

Employment contracts must be in writing and in Arabic. A contract can be drawn up in another language as long as an Arabic copy approved by both parties is attached. Employers must also follow the Omanisation targets for their sector and the occupations reserved for Omani nationals.

What the Labour Law requires in a contract
  • Employer name and workplace address
  • Employee name, date of birth and nationality
  • Qualification and occupation
  • Type of work and conditions
  • Contract period, if fixed-term
  • Basic wage, allowances and benefits
  • Payment date of wages
  • Notice period (employer notice of at least 1 month for non-renewal)
Probation and fixed-term contracts

Probation may not exceed 3 months for monthly-paid employees, or 2 months for others, and can only be used once with the same employer. A fixed-term contract becomes indefinite if its original and renewed periods exceed 5 years in total.

Registrations
  • Omani employees – register with the Social Protection Fund from the start of employment.
  • Expatriate employees – need a work permit from the Ministry of Labour and a residence card before starting work.
How IceHrm helps

Send contracts for e-signing, store contracts, work permits and residence cards on the employee's record, and track onboarding with task lists so nothing is missed on day one. Documents & e-signing →

Official sources Disclaimer

This guide is general information to help you plan HR processes, not legal, tax or financial advice. Employment law and rates change regularly and awards, enterprise agreements and state rules may give employees more than the minimums shown here. Always confirm current requirements with the official sources or a qualified adviser.

Manage your Oman workforce with IceHrm

Configure leave types, accrual rules and public holidays for Oman, keep employee records and contracts in one place, and run payroll with your own salary components. Want to know how IceHrm handles payroll calculations for Oman? Talk to us.

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