Country HR Guide

HR Management in Brunei

Private sector employment in Brunei Darussalam is governed mainly by the Employment Order, 2009, administered by the Department of Labour. Brunei has no personal income tax, and a minimum wage now applies in selected industries. Here is what employers need to know about leave, pay, retirement contributions and ending employment.

Currency Brunei Dollar (BND)
Capital Bandar Seri Begawan
Language Malay (English widely used)
Standard week 44 hours
Personal income tax None
Employee SPK 8.5%
Figures last reviewed September 2026.

Leave entitlements

The Employment Order, 2009 sets minimum leave for private sector employees. Employment contracts can offer more, but never less, and many employers give 14 days or more of annual leave from the start.

7–14 days
Paid annual leave

Where the contract doesn’t set a higher figure: 7 days after the first year of service, rising by 1 day for each further year to a maximum of 14 days.

14 days
Paid outpatient sick leave

A year, supported by a medical certificate. Generally available once the employee has 6 months’ service.

60 days
Hospitalisation leave

A year when hospitalised, including the 14 days of outpatient sick leave.

105 days
Maternity leave

15 weeks for citizens and permanent residents: 2 weeks before and 13 weeks after the birth.

Maternity pay

For local employees, the employer pays full salary for the first 8 weeks of maternity leave. Salary for the next 5 weeks is paid by the employer in advance and then reclaimed from the government, and the final 2 weeks are unpaid. Foreign employees have a shorter statutory maternity leave entitlement. Maternity pay normally requires a minimum period of service with the employer, so check eligibility for each case.

Paternity and other leave

The Employment Order does not provide statutory paternity, compassionate or marriage leave for private sector employees. Many employers offer these through their own leave policy or the employment contract.

How IceHrm helps

Set up each Brunei leave type in IceHrm with its own accrual, carry forward and approval rules, so annual leave that grows with each year of service and separate outpatient and hospitalisation sick leave are tracked properly. Employees see their live balance before they apply, and managers see who is away on a shared calendar. Leave management →

Pay & working hours

Brunei introduced its first minimum wage through the Employment (Minimum Wage) Order in July 2023 and is extending it industry by industry. Outside the covered industries, pay is agreed between employer and employee.

BND 500
Minimum wage per month

For full-time employees, or BND 2.62 an hour for part-time staff, in the covered industries (from 1 April 2025). Measured before SPK deductions and excluding allowances.

44 hours
Maximum normal weekly hours

And no more than 8 hours a day. Shift workers may average 44 hours a week over 3 weeks. Never more than 12 hours a day including overtime.

1.5×
Overtime rate

Of the hourly basic rate for work beyond contractual hours. Overtime is limited to 72 hours a month.

Industries covered by the minimum wage

Since 1 April 2025 the minimum wage applies to local and foreign, full-time and part-time private sector employees in: banking and finance; info-communication technology; architecture, engineering, quantity and land surveying; private medical and dental facilities; private higher education; tourism and accommodation; and security guard agencies. Apprentices, domestic workers and some short-term foreign workers are excluded.

Paying employees
  • No salary period may be longer than 1 month.
  • Salary must be paid within 7 days of the end of the salary period, and overtime within 14 days.
  • Employees get 1 rest day a week, on Sunday or another day the employer schedules in advance.
  • Deductions are only allowed where the Employment Order permits them, such as SPK contributions or recovery of advances.
How IceHrm helps

Capture attendance and overtime in IceHrm and feed the hours straight into payroll, so overtime is paid on what was actually worked and you can keep an eye on the daily and monthly limits. Time & attendance →

Income tax

Brunei does not impose personal income tax on individuals, so employers have no income tax to withhold from salaries. This applies to both locals and expatriates.

The main statutory deduction from pay is the employee’s SPK retirement contribution for citizens and permanent residents, covered below.

Employer payroll costs

Since July 2023 the National Retirement Scheme (Skim Persaraan Kebangsaan, SPK), run by the Employees Trust Fund (TAP), has replaced the separate TAP and SCP contributions. It applies to citizens and permanent residents only; there is no equivalent contribution for foreign employees.

SPK contributions are calculated on basic salary. The employee contributes 8.5% in every band.
Monthly basic salaryEmployerEmployee
Up to BND 500BND 57.50 (fixed)8.5%
BND 500.01 – BND 1,50010.5% (min. BND 57.50)8.5%
BND 1,500.01 – BND 2,8009.5%8.5%
Over BND 2,8008.5%8.5%
Other employer costs
  • Workmen’s compensation – employers are liable for work injuries under the Workmen’s Compensation Act, and usually insure against it.
  • Foreign worker costs – hiring foreign staff involves a foreign worker licence, a security deposit or guarantee, and medical screening.
How IceHrm helps

Build Brunei pay the way you already structure it, with your own salary components, deductions and formula columns, such as SPK employee and employer contribution columns. Want to know how well IceHrm handles payroll calculations for Brunei? Contact us or see Payroll →

Ending employment

Either party can end a contract of service by giving notice, or by paying salary in lieu of notice. The notice period is whatever the contract states, but it cannot be shorter than the statutory minimum.

Common ways employment ends
  • Resignation by the employee
  • Termination by the employer with notice
  • Expiry of a fixed-term contract
  • Completion of the work specified in the contract
  • Wilful breach of contract (without notice)
  • Mutual agreement
Minimum notice period
Applies to both employer and employee unless the contract gives a longer period. Pay in lieu of notice is allowed.
Length of serviceNotice
Less than 26 weeks1 day
26 weeks, less than 2 years1 week
2 years, less than 5 years2 weeks
5 years or more4 weeks
Severance

The Employment Order does not set a general severance pay scale for termination with notice. Any severance or retrenchment payment beyond notice and outstanding pay depends on the employment contract or collective agreement, so check these before ending employment.

A dismissed employee’s salary is due on the last day of employment, or within 3 working days if that is not possible. An employee who resigns without serving notice must be paid within 7 days.

Public holidays

Under the Employment Order, private sector employees are entitled to 11 paid public holidays a year. Several follow the Islamic or lunar calendar, so their dates move each year.

New Year’s Day1 January
Chinese New YearJanuary / February
National Day23 February
First Day of RamadanIslamic calendar
Anniversary of the Revelation of the QuranIslamic calendar (17 Ramadan)
Hari Raya AidilfitriIslamic calendar (end of Ramadan)
Hari Raya AidiladhaIslamic calendar
His Majesty the Sultan’s Birthday15 July
First Day of Hijrah (Islamic New Year)Islamic calendar
Prophet Muhammad’s Birthday (Maulud)Islamic calendar
Christmas Day25 December

The government gazettes additional holidays each year, such as Isra’ Mi’raj, Royal Brunei Armed Forces Day (31 May) and extra Hari Raya days, which many employers also observe. Working hours for Muslim employees are commonly shortened during Ramadan.

How IceHrm helps

Leave groups give each office its own public holiday calendar, so you can add Brunei’s movable Islamic and lunar holidays each year and keep staff in other countries on their own calendars. Holiday calendars →

Hiring & contracts

A contract of service should be in writing and signed by both parties. Its terms can be more generous than the Employment Order, but any term that is less favourable has no effect.

What an employment contract should cover
  • Job title and duties
  • Start date and contract type or duration
  • Basic salary, allowances and pay period
  • Normal working hours and rest day
  • Overtime arrangements
  • Annual, sick and maternity leave
  • SPK contributions (citizens and PRs)
  • Probation period
  • Notice and termination terms
Registrations and foreign workers
  • SPK registration – citizen and permanent resident employees must be registered with TAP for SPK contributions.
  • Foreign worker licence – employing foreign staff requires a licence from the Department of Labour, with endorsements, a security deposit and medical checks.
  • Minimum wage records – employers in covered industries must keep signed contracts showing at least the minimum wage.
  • Annual returns – employers must provide employment information to the Department of Labour when requested.
Probation

The Employment Order does not fix a probation period. Probation is set by the contract, and a probation clause should state the notice either party must give during it.

How IceHrm helps

Send contracts for e-signing, store them and work pass documents on the employee’s record, and track onboarding with task lists so nothing is missed on day one. Documents & e-signing →

Official sources Disclaimer

This guide is general information to help you plan HR processes, not legal, tax or financial advice. Employment law and rates change regularly and awards, enterprise agreements and state rules may give employees more than the minimums shown here. Always confirm current requirements with the official sources or a qualified adviser.

Manage your Brunei workforce with IceHrm

Configure leave types, accrual rules and public holidays for Brunei, keep employee records and contracts in one place, and run payroll with your own salary components. Want to know how IceHrm handles payroll calculations for Brunei? Talk to us.

Start Free Trial Explore Features Contact Us