Country HR Guide

HR Management in Maldives

Employment in the Maldives is governed by the Employment Act (Law No. 2/2008), which applies to both Maldivian and expatriate employees and is enforced by the Labour Relations Authority. Here is what employers need to know about leave, pay, tax, pension and ending employment.

Currency Maldivian Rufiyaa (MVR)
Capital Malé
Language Dhivehi
Maximum week 48 hours
Employer pension 7% of basic salary
Figures last reviewed September 2026.

Leave entitlements

The Employment Act sets the minimum leave every employer must give. Employment agreements can be more generous, but any agreement to give up statutory annual leave is void.

30 days
Annual leave

Paid leave after completing one year of employment. The employer sets the dates after consulting the employee, and unused leave must be paid out when employment ends.

30 days
Sick leave

Paid sick leave each year, normally against a medical certificate. Up to 15 of these days can be taken without a certificate, for absences of no more than 2 consecutive days.

60 days
Maternity leave

Paid by the employer on normal paydays. Up to 30 days can be taken before the expected delivery date.

10 days
Family responsibility leave

Paid leave each year to attend to important family obligations, such as caring for a sick family member.

Maternity, paternity and parental leave
  • Extra maternity leave – a further 28 days where a doctor certifies that the mother or baby is unwell. The employer may choose not to pay this period.
  • Nursing breaks – two paid 30 minute breaks a day on return to work, until the child is one year old.
  • Paternity leave – 3 days of paid leave from the date of the child’s birth.
  • Unpaid parental leave – after maternity leave ends, the mother or father can take up to 1 year of unpaid leave.
Other statutory leave
  • Circumcision leave – 5 days of paid leave on the occasion of a child’s circumcision.
  • Public holidays during annual leave – an extra day of leave for each working day declared a public holiday while the employee is on annual leave.

Leave figures follow the Employment Act as consolidated by the Labour Relations Authority, which includes amendments up to Law No. 15/2022.

How IceHrm helps

Set up each Maldivian leave type in IceHrm with its own accrual, carry forward and approval rules, including pro-rata entitlements for new joiners. Employees see their live balance before they apply, and managers see who is away on a shared calendar. Leave management →

Pay & working hours

The Maldives introduced a national minimum wage on 1 January 2022, set by order of the Minister of Economic Development on the advice of a Minimum Wage Advisory Board. The rates differ by business classification, and the Act requires the Board to review them every 2 years, so check the current order before setting pay.

48 hours
Maximum normal weekly hours

Excluding overtime. Employees must get at least 24 consecutive hours off after 6 consecutive working days.

125%
Overtime on a normal working day

Of the hourly salary. Overtime is only required where the employment agreement provides for it.

150%
Overtime on Fridays and public holidays

Employees working normal hours on a public holiday also get at least half a normal day’s wage on top.

Breaks and special rules
  • A meal break of at least 30 minutes after 5 consecutive hours of work.
  • 15 minutes for each prayer time, or a 15 minute break for every 4 consecutive hours of work.
  • At tourist resorts, tourist vessels and designated industrial islands, rest days can be accumulated and employees can work up to 2 extra hours a day, paid as overtime.
  • Senior managers, on-call staff, mosque employees and ship or aircraft crews are exempt from the working hours and overtime rules.
Paying employees
  • Employees must be paid at least monthly. Temporary (day-to-day) employees are normally paid daily, unless weekly, fortnightly or monthly pay is agreed.
  • Ramadan allowance – every Maldivian employee is entitled to MVR 3,000, paid before Ramadan begins. Paying it to Muslim expatriate employees is at the employer’s discretion.
  • Service charge – tourism businesses must charge at least 10% service charge and share it equally among employees each month. The employer can keep no more than 1% as an administrative fee.
  • Records of normal hours, overtime and overtime payments must be kept and shown to the Labour Relations Authority on request.
How IceHrm helps

Capture attendance and overtime in IceHrm and feed the hours straight into payroll, so normal day, Friday and public holiday overtime reflect what was actually worked. Time & attendance →

Income tax

Personal income tax was introduced by the Income Tax Act (Law No. 25/2019), and employment income has been taxable since 1 April 2020. Residents are taxed on their worldwide income; non-residents only on income from the Maldives. The tax year is the calendar year.

Individual income tax rates published by the Maldives Inland Revenue Authority (MIRA), applied progressively to taxable income for the year.
Annual taxable incomeRate
Up to MVR 720,0000%
MVR 720,001 – MVR 1,200,0005.5%
MVR 1,200,001 – MVR 1,800,0008%
MVR 1,800,001 – MVR 2,400,00012%
Over MVR 2,400,00015%
Employee Withholding Tax (EWT)

Employers withhold tax from salaries each month using monthly brackets that mirror the annual table: nil up to MVR 60,000 a month, then 5.5%, 8% and 12% up to MVR 200,000, and 15% above that. Employers register employees whose pay is subject to withholding with MIRA and file a monthly EWT return. An employee whose only income for the year is from one employer generally does not need to file their own tax return.

Employer payroll costs

The main statutory payroll cost is the Maldives Retirement Pension Scheme (MRPS), run by the Maldives Pension Administration Office under the Pension Act.

7%
Employer pension contribution

Of the employee’s basic salary (the pensionable wage), paid monthly. Employers may contribute more.

7%
Employee pension contribution

Deducted from basic salary by the employer, giving a total of 14% paid into the employee’s retirement savings account.

16–65
Mandatory for local employees aged

Including temporary employees and those on probation. Participation is optional for foreign employees.

Employing expatriates

Expatriates need a work permit, issued within the quotas set by the ministry responsible for employment. The Employment Act sets a work permit fee of MVR 350, and other employment-related fees for foreign workers are set by regulation.

How IceHrm helps

Build Maldivian pay the way you already structure it, with your own salary components, deductions and formula columns, such as MRPS pension contribution columns. Want to know how well IceHrm handles payroll calculations for the Maldives? Contact us or see Payroll →

Ending employment

Employment is not "at will". An employee can only be dismissed for reasonable cause, and the employer must prove it. Pregnancy, illness, union membership, making a complaint or discrimination on protected grounds can never be a reason for dismissal.

Common ways employment ends
  • Resignation by the employee
  • Termination during probation (no notice required)
  • Expiry of a fixed-term agreement
  • Completion of work under a task-specific agreement
  • Dismissal with notice for reasonable cause
  • Redundancy for economic or operational reasons
  • Dismissal without notice for serious misconduct or fraud
Minimum notice for indefinite-term employees
Notice must be in writing and cannot run while the employee is on leave. Employers can pay salary and benefits in lieu of notice.
Length of serviceNotice
More than 6 months, less than 1 year2 weeks
1 year, less than 5 years1 month
More than 5 years2 months
Redundancy

A position may be made redundant when a business or service closes, operations change or the employer’s finances decline, following the procedure set by regulation. Longer notice, or pay in lieu, applies:

Notice or pay in lieu for dismissals on redundancy grounds under Section 21 of the Employment Act.
Length of serviceNotice or pay in lieu
Less than 1 year1 month
1 to 4 years2 months
More than 4 years3 months

The Employment Act does not set a general severance payment. Employees who believe they were dismissed without reasonable cause can complain to the Employment Tribunal within 3 months, which can order reinstatement or compensation. Unused annual leave must be paid out on termination.

Public holidays

Friday is the weekly day of rest and counts as a public holiday under the Employment Act. Most national holidays follow the Islamic calendar, so their dates move about 11 days earlier each year and are confirmed by the government.

New Year’s Day1 January
Labour Day1 May
Independence Day26 July
Victory Day3 November
Republic Day11 November
First day of RamadanIslamic calendar (1 Ramadan)
Eid al-FitrIslamic calendar (Shawwal), several days
Hajj DayIslamic calendar (9 Dhu al-Hijjah)
Eid al-AdhaIslamic calendar (Dhu al-Hijjah), several days
Islamic New YearIslamic calendar (1 Muharram)
National DayIslamic calendar (Rabi’ al-Awwal)
Birth of the Prophet (Mawlid)Islamic calendar (12 Rabi’ al-Awwal)
Day the Maldives embraced IslamIslamic calendar (Rabi’ al-Thani)

Employees who work normal hours on a public holiday are paid at least half a normal day’s wage in addition to overtime. The government may also declare extra holidays in a given year.

How IceHrm helps

Leave groups give each office its own holiday calendar, so you can update the Islamic holiday dates each year and have staff in Malé and at resort or island sites get the right days off. Holiday calendars →

Hiring & contracts

Every employee must have a written employment agreement, with a signed copy given to the employee. Employers who fail to do so face a fine of MVR 2,000 to MVR 20,000 depending on the size of the business.

What an employment agreement must cover
  • Employer and employee details, including ID or passport number
  • Whether the job is permanent or temporary
  • Start date
  • Remuneration and other benefits
  • How salary is calculated
  • Pay day
  • Leave entitlements
  • Disciplinary rules
  • Performance appraisal
  • How employment can be ended
Job description

A written job description, setting out the duties and scope of the role, must be given within one month of the start date and updated after a change of job or promotion.

Probation and fixed-term limits

Probation can last no more than 3 months. Either side can end the agreement during probation without notice, but probationers keep their statutory rights, including the minimum wage. Fixed-term agreements cannot exceed 2 years; a fixed-term agreement renewed or extended beyond 2 years in total becomes an indefinite one. Agreements for roles that are normally permanent are also treated as indefinite.

Registrations
  • Pension – register with the Maldives Pension Administration Office and enrol local employees in MRPS.
  • Income tax – register employees subject to withholding with MIRA for EWT.
  • Work permits – obtain quota and work permits before expatriate employees start.
How IceHrm helps

Send employment agreements and job descriptions for e-signing, store them with work permit documents on the employee’s record, and track onboarding with task lists so nothing is missed on day one. Documents & e-signing →

Official sources Disclaimer

This guide is general information to help you plan HR processes, not legal, tax or financial advice. Employment law and rates change regularly and awards, enterprise agreements and state rules may give employees more than the minimums shown here. Always confirm current requirements with the official sources or a qualified adviser.

Manage your Maldives workforce with IceHrm

Configure leave types, accrual rules and public holidays for Maldives, keep employee records and contracts in one place, and run payroll with your own salary components. Want to know how IceHrm handles payroll calculations for Maldives? Talk to us.

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