Country HR Guide

HR Management in Kuwait

Private-sector employment in Kuwait is governed by the Labour Law for the Private Sector (Law No. 6 of 2010), with the Public Authority for Manpower overseeing contracts and work permits. There is no personal income tax, but social security for Kuwaiti nationals and end-of-service indemnity for all staff are key payroll items. Here is what employers need to know about leave, pay and ending employment.

Currency Kuwaiti Dinar (KWD)
Capital Kuwait City
Language Arabic
Maximum week 48 hours
Minimum wage KWD 75 / month
Income tax None
Figures last reviewed September 2026.

Leave entitlements

The Labour Law sets minimum leave for private-sector employees. Employment contracts and company policies can be more generous, but employees cannot waive their statutory leave.

30 days
Annual leave

30 working days of paid leave a year, available after 9 months of service in the first year (pro-rata before that). Leave can be carried over for up to 2 years and unused leave is paid out when employment ends.

75 days
Sick leave per year

45 paid days on a sliding scale, then 30 unpaid days, supported by a medical certificate. See the table below.

70 days
Maternity leave

Fully paid by the employer: 30 days before and 40 days after the birth. Up to 4 more months of unpaid leave can be granted on request.

21 days
Hajj leave

Paid leave once during employment, for employees with at least 2 years of service who have not performed Hajj before.

Sick leave entitlement per year under Article 69 of the Labour Law. This is a yearly total, not a per-illness entitlement.
Sick leave daysPay
First 15 days100%
Next 10 days75%
Next 10 days50%
Next 10 days25%
Next 30 daysUnpaid
Paternity and parental leave

The Labour Law has no statutory paternity or parental leave. Many employers offer a few days of paid paternity leave as a policy benefit.

Other statutory leave
  • Bereavement leave – 3 days of paid leave on the death of a first or second degree relative.
  • Iddah leave – a Muslim widow is entitled to 4 months and 10 days of paid leave; a non-Muslim widow to 21 days.
  • Study leave – employers may grant paid leave for further qualifications, usually on condition that the employee returns to work for a matching period.
How IceHrm helps

Set up each Kuwaiti leave type in IceHrm with its own accrual, carry forward and approval rules, including the 2-year carry-over limit on annual leave and a one-off Hajj leave type. Employees see their live balance before they apply, and managers see who is away on a shared calendar. Leave management →

Pay & working hours

Kuwait sets a monthly minimum wage for the private sector by ministerial decision. It has not changed since 2017, but it is meant to be reviewed periodically.

KWD 75
Minimum wage per month

For private-sector workers, in effect since June 2017. Domestic workers have the same rate under a separate law (since May 2022).

48 hours
Maximum ordinary weekly hours

8 hours a day, with a break of at least 1 hour after 5 consecutive hours. Reduced to 36 hours a week during Ramadan.

125%
Overtime rate

Of the normal hourly wage. Overtime is capped at 2 hours a day, 6 hours a week, 180 hours and 90 days a year.

Rest days and holiday work

Employees are entitled to 24 consecutive hours of paid rest after every 6 working days. Work on the weekly rest day is paid at 150% plus a replacement day off, and work on a public holiday at 200% plus a replacement day off. Outdoor work is banned between 11:00 and 16:00 from 1 June to 31 August.

Paying employees
  • Monthly-paid employees must be paid at least once a month; hourly, daily, weekly and piece-rate workers every 2 weeks.
  • Wages must be paid in Kuwaiti dinars, within 7 days of falling due, into the employee's account at a local bank.
  • A salary cannot be reduced during the contract, and deductions to repay a debt to the employer are capped at 10% of pay.
  • There is no mandatory 13th month salary or bonus.
How IceHrm helps

Capture attendance and overtime in IceHrm and feed the hours straight into payroll, so the 125%, 150% and 200% rates are paid on what was actually worked, and overtime stays within the legal caps. Time & attendance →

Income tax

Kuwait does not tax the income of individuals, so employers do not withhold income tax from salaries. The main payroll deductions are social security contributions for Kuwaiti nationals.

Kuwait has signed the GCC VAT framework agreement but has not introduced VAT. A 2.5% National Labour Support Tax applies to the profits of Kuwaiti companies listed on the stock exchange, not to salaries.

Employer payroll costs

Social security through the Public Institution for Social Security (PIFSS) applies only to Kuwaiti nationals. For expatriate employees there are no social security contributions, but employers must pay end-of-service indemnity when employment ends.

11.5%
Employer PIFSS contribution

For Kuwaiti employees, on monthly salary up to a ceiling of KWD 2,750. Covers pensions, disability, sickness and death benefits.

8% + 2.5%
Employee PIFSS contribution

8% of salary up to KWD 2,750, plus a further 2.5% on salary up to KWD 1,500, withheld by the employer.

Nil
Expatriate social security

No contributions for non-Kuwaiti employees. Budget instead for end-of-service indemnity and the health insurance cover the standard contract requires.

How IceHrm helps

Build Kuwaiti pay the way you already structure it, with your own salary components, deductions and formula columns, such as a PIFSS column for Kuwaiti staff and an end-of-service accrual for everyone. Want to know how well IceHrm handles payroll calculations for Kuwait? Contact us or see Payroll →

Ending employment

Fixed-term contracts end on their expiry date. Indefinite contracts can be ended by either party with written notice. A dismissal without a valid reason is treated as arbitrary, and the employee can claim compensation on top of their end-of-service indemnity.

Common ways employment ends
  • Resignation by the employee
  • Mutual agreement
  • Expiry of a fixed-term contract
  • Termination with notice
  • Summary dismissal for serious misconduct
  • Termination during probation (no notice)
Notice period
For indefinite contracts. Either side can pay the full wage for the notice period instead. During notice the employee gets 1 paid day (or 8 hours) a week to look for work.
How the employee is paidNotice
Monthly3 months
Weekly, daily, hourly or piece rate1 month
During probationNone
End-of-service indemnity

Employees receive an end-of-service indemnity when the employer ends the contract, when a fixed-term contract is not renewed, and in several other cases set by law. Part years count pro-rata.

Article 51 of the Labour Law. Capped at 18 months' pay for monthly-paid staff and 12 months' pay for other workers. Employees who resign get half the indemnity after 3–5 years, two thirds after 5–10 years, and the full amount after 10 years.
Years of serviceMonthly-paidOther workers
First 5 years15 days' pay per year10 days' pay per year
Each year after 5 years1 month's pay per year15 days' pay per year

Final pay also includes accrued, unused annual leave. Employees made redundant, retiring, disabled at work or who die in service receive the full indemnity regardless of length of service.

Public holidays

Article 68 of the Labour Law gives private-sector employees the following fully paid public holidays, about 13 days a year in total. Islamic holidays follow the lunar calendar, so their Gregorian dates move about 11 days earlier each year, and the government confirms the exact days off annually.

New Year's Day1 January
National Day25 February
Liberation Day26 February
Isra and Mi'raj27 Rajab (Islamic calendar)
Eid al-Fitr (3 days)1–3 Shawwal (Islamic calendar)
Arafat Day9 Dhu al-Hijjah (Islamic calendar)
Eid al-Adha (3 days)10–12 Dhu al-Hijjah (Islamic calendar)
Islamic New Year1 Muharram (Islamic calendar)
Prophet's Birthday12 Rabi al-Awwal (Islamic calendar)

Employees who work on a public holiday are paid double and receive a replacement day off.

How IceHrm helps

Leave groups give each office its own public holiday calendar, so you can load Kuwait's dates once the moon-sighting announcements are made, alongside the calendars of your other offices. Holiday calendars →

Hiring & contracts

Employment contracts must be in writing and in Arabic. A translation can be attached, but the Arabic text prevails in a dispute. Foreign nationals also need a work permit issued through the Public Authority for Manpower.

What an employment contract should cover
  • Date the contract is signed
  • Actual start date
  • Wage amount
  • Nature of the work
  • Contract length, if fixed-term
  • Daily working hours and breaks
  • Probation period
  • Annual leave and health insurance
Probation and fixed-term limits

Probation cannot exceed 100 working days, and either party can end the contract during probation without notice. Fixed-term contracts must run for at least 1 year and at most 5 years, and can be renewed by agreement. The contract is made in 3 copies: one for each party and one filed with the Public Authority for Manpower.

How IceHrm helps

Send Arabic and English contracts for e-signing, store them with work permits and civil ID copies on the employee's record, and track onboarding with task lists so nothing is missed on day one. Documents & e-signing →

Sources Disclaimer

This guide is general information to help you plan HR processes, not legal, tax or financial advice. Employment law and rates change regularly and awards, enterprise agreements and state rules may give employees more than the minimums shown here. Always confirm current requirements with the official sources or a qualified adviser.

Manage your Kuwait workforce with IceHrm

Configure leave types, accrual rules and public holidays for Kuwait, keep employee records and contracts in one place, and run payroll with your own salary components. Want to know how IceHrm handles payroll calculations for Kuwait? Talk to us.

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